External publications

The EU’s engagement in the G20: one way to deal with Global power shifts

Dang, Vy / Sven Grimm / Wulf Reiners
External Publications (2024)

published on www.developmentresearch.eu, 19.11.2024

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The European Union (EU) has been a permanent G20 member since 1999, alongside France, Germany, and Italy (EU3), with Spain and the Netherlands as regular guests. Recent years have seen the EU prioritize deeper engagement in the G20, transitioning from “effective multilateralism” to a more strategic and pragmatic approach under Ursula von der Leyen’s leadership. Internally, the EU faces challenges in coordination due to divergent priorities among institutions and member states. Externally, criticism of “overrepresentation” and limits to consensus undermine its influence, particularly on contentious issues like condemning Russia’s war in Ukraine. Geopolitical shifts, including tensions between the U.S. and China and the growing prominence of the Global South, are reshaping the G20. Recent Southern-led presidencies (Indonesia, India, Brazil, South Africa) and the inclusion of the African Union (AU) highlight this transformation. To remain influential, the EU must adapt by refining priorities, improving internal coherence, and fostering cooperation with emerging powers. Proposed reforms, such as granting the EU and AU rotating G20 presidencies, could strengthen inclusivity and regional roles. To adapt, the EU must refine priorities, foster cooperation with emerging powers, and address internal coherence challenges. However, growing nationalism and political polarization, amplified by the 2024 EU elections, complicate these efforts. Clear priorities, strategic partnerships, and attractive solutions aligning priorities of the EU and its global partners will be key to maintaining the EU’s relevance in shaping global governance.